Uganda is situated primarily on a plateau, at an approximate altitude of 1,100 meters. Some of its regions cross the Equator, while others lie near it. Its climate approaches intertropical conditions: temperatures ranging from 20 to 25 degrees Celsius, with annual rainfall between 900 to 1,500 mm.

Two Distinct Seasons Throughout the Year

The country experiences two distinct seasons: the dry season (December to February) and the rainy season (March to May). However, depending on the region, rainfall can be fairly consistent year-round. A cooler season is also noted between June and September.

Southern Uganda

In the southern regions, with average temperatures around 20°C, humidity and coolness are part of daily life, particularly between March and May, as well as during November, sometimes extending into December. It's worth noting that in high altitudes—that is, in the mountain ranges—precipitation accumulates at already snow-capped summits.

Northern Uganda

Average temperatures here reach approximately 33°C. The dry season extends throughout much of the year. Between November and December, in particular, the country is gripped by intense African heat without rainfall. Drought thus affects this part of Uganda, creating certain hardship for residents and their crops.

As a tropical country, Uganda's rains bring heavy downpours and thunderstorms. The north-central region and mountain areas remain most affected during this season. Indeed, precipitation can exceed 1,500 millimeters annually.

For reference, Uganda is home to several towering peaks, including Mount Stanley of the Rwenzori Range (5,109 meters). This mountain holds the distinction of being Africa's third-highest summit. Above 4,500 meters, glaciers are visible.

Finally, on the mountain slopes, the air is as mild as it is cool, given the frequent humidity and the relatively scarce sunlight.